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U.S.
Economy >
Labor |
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About 146 million people in the United States were working in paid jobs at the end of 2006, with another 7 million unemployed; the 153 million total makes up the world's third largest labor force, after China's and India's. Nearly two-thirds of U.S. working-age people participate in the labor force. Males and females each account for about half. About 15 percent of them are foreign born. Some 5 to 6 percent of them work more than one job. The private sector employs most U.S. workers, 85.5 percent, and governments employ the rest. A lot of people are self-employed, more than 10 million in 2005, although some of them split their time between working for other people and for themselves. Most working people work for someone else in nearly 6 million U.S. companies. Most of these companies have fewer than 20 employees. U.S. workers are flexible, people changing jobs. "The data show that each month millions of Americans leave their jobs – most of them voluntarily – and millions more are hired," Robert Kimmitt, deputy secretary of the U.S. Treasury, wrote in 2006. "This is what we want: an economy in which people looking to move up have as many opportunities as possible from which to choose." U.S. workers do not typically endure long-term unemployment. In 2005 only 12 percent of unemployed U.S. workers could not find work within a year, compared to 46 percent in the European Union. Although U.S. workers have long had the right to organize, only 12 percent of them were labor union members in 2006, down from about 35 percent half a century earlier. The biggest group of U.S. workers comprises nearly 23 million in office and administrative support jobs, such as telephone receptionists, secretaries, and hotel clerks. The groups of workers getting the highest average wages, more than $80,000 a year, have jobs in management and law. The people getting the lowest average wages, less than $20,000 a year, work in food preparation and service. |
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| This text was taken from the U.S. Department of State publication, USA Economy in Brief http://www.america.gov/st/econ-english/2008/April/20080415223106eaifas0.4034693.html |
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CD: These documents are available in fulltext format on the About the USA CD-ROM. Teachers: Request a copy for classroom use. L: Selected documents are available in German as well as other languages, including Arabic, Chinese, French, Spanish, Persian and Turkish. |
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